Introduction
Laravel’s Blade templating engine provides a simple and yet powerful way to create layouts for web applications. The Blade engine is capable of extending layouts, including partial views, and injecting content into specific sections, which makes it an excellent choice for developers looking to maintain clean and modular codebases. In this tutorial, we’ll journey through the creation of Blade layouts, from basic to advanced concepts, accompanied by illustrative examples.
Understanding Blade Layouts
To truly grasp what Blade layouts are, it’s important to understand that Blade is a templating engine used in Laravel that allows developers to use simple placeholders and directives to build dynamic HTML templates with minimal fuss. A ‘layout’ in Blade serves as a master page which can be extended by other views to create a consistent look and feel across your application.
Let’s start by creating a basic Blade layout:
<!-- resources/views/layouts/app.blade.php -->
<!doctype html>
<html lang="{{ str_replace('_', '-', app()->getLocale()) }}">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- CSRF Token -->
<meta name="csrf-token" content="{{ csrf_token() }}">
<title>{{ config('app.name', 'Laravel') }}</title>
<!-- Scripts -->
<!-- Add your JavaScript files here -->
<!-- Styles -->
<!-- Add your CSS files here -->
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
@yield('content')
</div>
</body>
</html>This layout defines a basic HTML document with sections for scripts and styles that you can fill as per your needs. The @yield directive is where the content of sub-views will be “injected”.
Extending a Blade Layout
Now, let’s create a view that extends our app layout:
<!-- resources/views/welcome.blade.php -->
@extends('layouts.app')
@section('content')
<h1>Welcome to my Laravel app!</h1>
@endsectionWhen the ‘welcome’ view is rendered, the content under @section(‘content’) will be placed into the @yield(‘content’) section of the layout.
Including Partials
Partials are small chunks of reusable HTML that you can include in other Blade views. Let’s create a navigation bar partial:
<!-- resources/views/partials/nav.blade.php -->
<nav>
<ul>
<li><a href="/">Home</a></li>
<!-- Add other nav items here -->
</ul>
</nav>Now, we include this partial in our layout:
<!-- resources/views/layouts/app.blade.php (updated) -->
<body>
@include('partials.nav')
<!-- rest of the layout -->
</body>Advanced Blade Techniques
As applications grow more complex, you may need advanced techniques to manage the layouts. Here are a few advanced Blade features:
Stacks
Stacks allow you to push to named stacks from child views, which can later be rendered in the layout. This is particularly useful for scripts that need to be included at the end of the body tag.
<!-- resources/views/layouts/app.blade.php -->
<!-- rest of the layout -->
@stack('scripts')In child views, you use the @push directive:
<!-- resources/views/welcome.blade.php (example) -->
@push('scripts')
<script>
// Some script that will be rendered at the end
</script>
@endpushComponents
Laravel 7 and later introduced Blade components, which are similar to partials but with more functionality, like providing data bindings:
<x-alert type="error" :message="$message" />Conclusion
In this post, you’ve learned the basics of creating and extending Blade layouts, working with partials, using stacks for scripts, and utilizing Blade components in Laravel. Harnessing the power of Blade, you can build efficient and maintainable templates, contributing to the overall simplicity and elegance of your web application’s structure.