Using the `strconv` Package to Convert Between Strings and Other Types

The strconv package in Go provides functions to convert between strings and other data types, such as integers, floats, and booleans. This article will delve into using the strconv package for various conversions with examples.

Converting Strings to Integers

You can convert a string to an integer using the strconv.Atoi function. The input must be a valid integer string, or it will return an error.

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    str := "123"
    num, err := strconv.Atoi(str)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    } else {
        fmt.Println("Converted Number:", num)
    }
}

Converting Integers to Strings

To convert an integer to a string, use strconv.Itoa. This is a straightforward conversion.

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    num := 123
    str := strconv.Itoa(num)
    fmt.Println("Converted String:", str)
}

Parsing and Formatting Floats

For float to string conversion, use strconv.FormatFloat, specifying the precision and format.

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    f := 123.456
    str := strconv.FormatFloat(f, 'f', 2, 64)
    fmt.Println("Formatted String:", str)
}

To convert a string back to a float, use strconv.ParseFloat:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    str := "123.456"
    f, err := strconv.ParseFloat(str, 64)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    } else {
        fmt.Println("Parsed Float:", f)
    }
}