Converting Numbers to and from Strings in Go

Working with numbers and strings in Go is a common task, especially when dealing with data input and output that requires conversion between these types. In this article, we will explore how to convert numbers to strings and vice versa in Go. Let's dive into some examples!

1. Converting Numbers to Strings

In Go, you can convert numbers to strings using the strconv package, which provides various functions for string conversions.

1.1 Basic Conversion

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    // Convert an int to a string
    myInt := 123
    myString := strconv.Itoa(myInt)
    fmt.Println("Int to String:", myString)

    // Convert a float to a string
    myFloat := 123.45
    myStringFloat := strconv.FormatFloat(myFloat, 'f', -1, 64)
    fmt.Println("Float to String:", myStringFloat)
}

1.2 Intermediate Conversion with Formatting

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    // Convert and format a float to a string with 2 decimal points
    myFloat := 123.456
    myString := strconv.FormatFloat(myFloat, 'f', 2, 64)
    fmt.Printf("Formatted Float to String: %s\n", myString)
}

2. Converting Strings to Numbers

Similar to number to string conversion, the strconv package also facilitates converting strings to numbers.

2.1 Basic Conversion

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    // Convert a string to an int
    myString := "456"
    myInt, err := strconv.Atoi(myString)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    fmt.Println("String to Int:", myInt)

    // Convert a string to a float
    myStringFloat := "456.78"
    myFloat, err := strconv.ParseFloat(myStringFloat, 64)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    fmt.Println("String to Float:", myFloat)
}